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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク History of water fluoridation ： ウィキペディア英語版 History of water fluoridation (詳細はtooth enamel called the Colorado Brown Stain, which later became known as fluorosis. The second (c. 1933–45) focused on the relationship among fluoride concentrations, fluorosis, and tooth decay. The third period, from 1945 on, focused on water fluoridation, which added fluoride to community water supplies. In the first half of the 19th century, investigators established that fluoride occurs with varying concentrations in teeth, bone, and drinking water. In the second half they speculated that fluoride would protect against tooth decay, proposed supplementing the diet with fluoride, and observed mottled enamel (now called severe dental fluorosis) without knowing the cause.〔 Publication 225.〕 In 1874, the German public health officer Carl Erhardt recommended potassium fluoride supplements to preserve teeth.〔 A followup was translated into English in: 〕 In 1892 the British physician James Crichton-Browne noted in an address that fluoride's absence from diets had resulted in teeth that were "peculiarly liable to decay", and who proposed "the reintroduction into our diet ... of fluorine in some suitable natural form ... to fortify the teeth of the next generation". == Research == (詳細はUnited States is partly due to the research of Dr. Frederick McKay, who pressed the dental community for an investigation into what was then known as "Colorado Brown Stain."〔(History of Dentistry in the Pikes Peak Region ),(Colorado Springs Dental Society ) webpage, page accessed 25 February 2006.〕 The condition, now known as dental fluorosis, is characterized in its severe form by cracking and pitting of the teeth.〔()〕〔(McGraw-Hill's AccessScience )〕〔(Report Judges Allowable Fluoride Levels in Water : NPR )〕 Chemical analysis in 1931 revealed the correlation between mottled teeth and high concentrations of fluoride. H. Trendley Dean, a dental officer at the newly created National Institute of Health was appointed to study dental fluorosis in 1930. Through a series of surveys, Dean analyzed fluoridation levels and mottling of teeth in different communities and determined that at concentrations below 1ppm, fluoride does not stain teeth.〔 〕 Dean and other dentists began investigating the use of fluoride in low concentrations to prevent dental caries. Many of these studies implicated fluoride as an effective prevention measure, and by the early 1940s the NIH began conferences and studies on the possibility of introducing fluoride into the public water supply. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of water fluoridation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.